The most important primary sources are trial transcripts and contemporary newspaper articles.

Trial Transcripts

The transcripts for The People of the State of California, Plaintiff, vs. Louis L. Jacobs, Defendant (March-April and June-July 1923) are located at the San Diego State University Library, Special Collections & University Archives. 

Newspapers

Scores of newspapers across the country covered the Fritzie Mann case. I relied heavily on the major San Diego and Los Angeles papers that existed in 1923. I found these in various online archives or on microfiche at the San Diego Public Library (Marilyn & Gene Marx Special Collections Center), the Los Angeles Public Library (Central), the UCLA Charles E. Young Research Library, and the San Diego History Center. Newspapers:

San Diego Sun
San Diego Union
San Diego Tribune
San Diego Herald
Los Angeles Times
Los Angeles Evening Express
Los Angeles Evening Herald
Los Angeles Examiner
Los Angeles Record

Other papers in southern California provided important information, most notably the Long Beach Press, Long Beach Daily Telegram, San Pedro Daily Pilot, and Riverside Daily Press.  I found these at historical societies and libraries or in online archives. Of papers outside of southern California, among the most useful were the Denver Post, Baltimore Sun, San Francisco Chronicle, and Chicago Tribune, all found in online archives.

Documents

Documents from the archives of government agencies, universities, historical societies, and other organizations provided essential information. These include court records, vital records, immigration records, military records, employment records, student records, and coroner’s records. Some of these documents contain information unknown to the jury and public in 1923 that sheds new light on the mystery.

The most important of these documents are from U.S. Public Health Service files obtained from the Department of Health & Human Services, Division of FOIA Services, and the Department of the Treasury. Among the files are personnel and administrative records related to the USPHS service of Louis L. Jacobs, plus reports and correspondence between senior USPHS officers and other high government officials. 

Likewise, files obtained from The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives, contain critical new information. These include student records, a biographical file, and a letter from the William H. Welch Collection concerning medical aspects of the case. Also, a student file from Johns Hopkins University, Sheridan Libraries Special Collections.

The handwritten San Diego County Grand Jury minutes between December 1922 and March 1923, which can be found at the San Diego History Center, contain key facts that did not come out at trial or in the press.

Human Sources

One challenge to writing about a century old case is finding people who knew the characters, particularly true in this case because many of the principal characters have no surviving descendants. I managed to speak to or correspond with several friends and relatives of some of the characters. I’m grateful to Miriam Zarefsky, Beth Young, Lila Mae Edwards, Penny LaDue, and John Diebel for their reminiscences. 

I also consulted several experts, most notably the former San Diego County Medical Examiner, Dr. Glenn Wagner. Also important was a certified forensic document examiner and handwriting expert who wished to remain unnamed. 

Other Sources

Additional sources include books, pamphlets, journals, magazines, photographs, maps, city directories, oral histories, personal papers, yearbooks, websites, and personal observations at actual sites.

Organizations

I received assistance from dozens of organizations. Select list:

Libraries and Archives 

San Diego State University Library, Special Collections & University Archives (Special thanks to Jesica Brubaker and Robert Ray)
San Diego Public Library, Central Branch, Marilyn & Gene Marx Special Collections Center (Special thanks to Katherine Reeve)
Johns Hopkins University, Sheridan Libraries Special Collections (Special thanks to James Stimpert)
The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives (Special thanks to Marjorie Kehoe)
Los Angeles Public Library, Central Branch
University of California at Los Angeles, Charles E. Young Research Library
University of Denver Library, Special Collections and Archives (Special thanks to Jeanne Abrams and Thyria Wilson)
Denver Public Library
Coronado Public Library
Long Beach Public Library 
LA Law Library (Special thanks to Christine Langteau)
Carson-Brierly Dance Library, University of Denver
UC Riverside Library Online 
San Diego Law Library (Special thanks to Janet Liggett and Gina Catalano)
University of Southern California Doheny Memorial Library
Margaret Herrick Library (Special thanks to Sandra Archer) 
La Jolla Public Library (Special thanks to Daryl Templer)
UCSD Biomedical Library
The Library of Congress Digital Collections
Media History Digital Library (Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research Library)

Historical and Genealogical Societies

San Diego History Center (Special thanks to Lauren Rasmussen and Chris Travers)
La Jolla Historical Society
La Mesa Historical Society
Coronado Historical Society (Special thanks to Stephanie Washburn)
Del Mar Historical Society
Ocean Beach Historical Society
San Diego Genealogical Society
San Diego Police Museum
San Diego Jewish Genealogical Society (Special thanks to Roberta Berman and Miriam Gitchoff)
Jewish Historical Society of San Diego (Special thanks to Stan Schwartz)
Save Our Heritage Organisation 
San Diego Historic Streetcars, Inc (Special thanks to Derek Emery)
Long Beach Police Historical Society
Santa Barbara Genealogical Society (Special thanks to Helen Rydell)
Massachusetts Historical Society (Special thanks to Dan Hinchen)
Warren County Historical Society (New York) (Special thanks to Joan Aldous)
Annette Levy Ratkin Jewish Community Archives, Jewish Federation of Nashville and Middle Tennessee (Special thanks to Leona Fleischer)

Government Organizations

Department of Health & Human Services, Division of FOIA Services (Special thanks to John Ivey)
Department of the Treasury (Special thanks to Ryan Law and Donald Henderson)
City of San Diego
San Diego Superior Court Central Records
San Diego County Medical Examiner’s Office
County of San Diego
San Diego Police Department
California Legislative Information (https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/)
National Center for Biotechnology Information (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)

Other Organizations

Torrey Pines State Reserve
Torrey Pines Docent Society (Special thanks to Judy Schulman)
Torrey Pines Association
Los Peñasquitos Lagoon Foundation
Del Mar Foundation
Congregation Beth Israel, San Diego (Special thanks to Anna Newton)
San Diego Jewish World (Special thanks to Don Harrison)
Del Mar Car Care (Special thanks to Ernst Badewitz)
East Denver High School Alumni Association (Special thanks to Dick Nelson)
Temple Emanuel, Denver (Special thanks to Janet Bronitsky)
Intermountain Jewish News (Special thanks to Terry Lasky)
U.S. Grant Hotel
The Atlantic (Special thanks to Joe Pinsker)
The Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation, Inc.
The American Legion
Marmon Automobile Club of America (Special thanks to George Bradley and Jeff Stumb)
Harvard Student Resources (Special thanks to John Ulrich)

Miscellaneous Online Services and Archives

Online Archive of California
The Internet Archive
Historic Map Works, Residential Genealogy.
Medscape 
WebMD
Casetext.com
Mylife.com
Worldcat.org
Taylorology (online newsletter) 
Findagrave.com
Familysearch.org
GeneaologyBank.com
Archives.com
Ancestry.com
NewspaperArchives.com
Newspapers.com
BeenVerified.com

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